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  • 终于懂了托福独立口语书籍类

    1 托福独立口语书籍类

    书籍类是比较常考到的口语话题,而其实如果学会巧妙地思路转换并积累适当的口语素材,我们完全可以轻松应对所有书籍类话题。下面是小编为您整理的关于托福独立口语书籍类素材,希望对你有所帮助。


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    托福口语的独立任务部分考察学生用英语表达个人观点与意见的能力,其中涉及话题多样,而由于托福考试旨在考察学生实际在国外读大学会用到的英语,它的场景往往设定为大学校园,因此考察话题其实也和学术文化更有关联。

    我们来看一个经典Task 1,来自TPO1:

    Talk about a book you read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you. Give specific details and examples to support your answer.

    这个题就是需要考生描述一本重要的书籍,还要给出重要的理由。在这里,我们要知道,考官并不真的在乎我们要说的书是什么!题目需要我们展示的是书为什么重要、如何重要,并不一定要讲述书的内容。只要我们在答题时留言流畅,和话题相关就可以得到不错的分数。

    所以大家的思路转换大法是:

    1.谈感受

    例如:故事很有趣,我们可以这么说:The story in the book was so interesting and appealing that once I began to read it, I couldn’t stop. /The book was so fun to read that I couldn’t help laughing every time I read it. It brought me a lot of happiness.

    再或者:故事很有意义,我们可以这么说:The story in the book was not only exciting but also inspiring. It taught me so much about the world we were living and showed me different ways people thought. /The story was meaningful and inspiring. It taught me to keep going and never give up, which is the most important lesson in life.

    2.谈功能

    例如:书本可能会对你的学业有帮助,我们可以说:The book is beneficial to my academic learning. It provides much extra information on my major courses in addition to school textbooks.

    又或者:此书还可能帮你交到朋友:To be honest, I met my girlfriend thanks to this book. We were sitting in the reading room next to each other and reading the same book! What a coincidence! Then we began to talk about how much we liked the writer and his books. Next thing you knew, she gave me her number!

    2托福口语描述怎么提分

    一、语料与素材的积累

    一般学生讲口语的大脑活动是先用中文思考,其次是根据中文所想的意思翻译成英文单词,再把这些单词根据主谓宾等语法知识组装成句,最后考虑单词的发音、语音语调等连词成句。而口语比较好的同学往往直接想到的是英文表达,然后是chunks,就是我们常说的语块,因为已经是积累好的句子,不需要再考虑语法等因素,所以可以直接脱口而出。这就像电脑开机一样,程序越少,速度越快。在考试之前多积累地道的语料而不是一味的选择网上的模版,才能更加从容的面对考试来取得高分。

    以托福口语Task 2为例:Should government limit violence and bad language on television. Do you agree or disagree?

    很多学生可以会选择disagree,原因可以是许多电影需要借助战争来宣扬爱国主义,而战争中又必定会涉及血腥与暴力,那么这一点理由为:Some movies need to express patriotism and educate citizens by wars, which contain violence and bloodiness, like Wolf Warrior 2 tells a story of a former Chinese Special Forces Operative rescuing compatriots and local friends in a war-torn region of Africa occupied by insurgents and mercenaries.这段关于《战狼2》的表述来自英美人士必读的精神早餐《经济学人》,该段积累下来还适用于 “Describe the most interesting/impressive movie”等题,也可以根据这个语言结构框架进行改写,变成自己想说的其他电影,表述会更加流畅地道。

    再比如TPO21 Task 1: Talk about an important news event that happened recently in your country. Describe the event and explain why it was important.很多学生看见 “news event”就大脑一片空白,不知从何说起,或者脑海里只有中文意思,对于新闻类的话题难以在短时间内直接用英文表述出来。以中国首架自制民用飞机C919举例: China’s first home-made large passenger jet was scheduled to take off in Shanghai, the narrow-body passenger plane made by state-run Comac as a triumph of indigenous innovation. 也可以说“一带一路”政策,One Belt and One Road initiative.

    二、扩充细节的方法之“from…to…” 列举法

    这种方法通常当作第二个supporting details,相当于 “for example”,可以并列两个同类或异类的事物,描述其种类繁多。以 “Do you prefer to eat at home or eat out”为例:As for me, I prefer to eat out in various of restaurants, cuz it has wide section of food, from authentic Chinese cuisine to western-style food, from savory dishes to bland snacks, hence loads of mouth-watering food can meet my appetite and leave lasting impression on me. 这里 “authentic Chinese cuisine”指的是地道的中国菜,一般学生只会想到traditional Chinese food, 而好吃第一个想到的词就是 “delicious”, 需要注意替换词的积累。而对于某事使我留下深刻印象会表述为 “sth. leaves deep impression on me” 而对于native speaker来讲,”lasting”才是更加地道的表达方法。


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    再以 Task 1一个经典三选一题型为例。

    Your university has acquired a piece of land next to the campus. There have been three options for the use of the land.

    A. The athletic facilities stadiums

    B. A park with nature trails

    C. Centers for students and hotel for campus guests

    此题只需作出选择,并给出合理解释即可。如选择 “The athletic facilities stadiums”可以从学生通过做各种运动来强身健体,排解压力或者参加团队运动锻炼团队合作精神等。”I tend to choose the athletic facilities stadiums, cuz students can work out there, from doing push-ups to sit-ups, from plank to Russian twist, which can befit them to strengthen their muscles and build up cardiovascular system, or get rid of stress after high-intensive study. 这里用 “from…to…” 来并列几个健身运动的动作,这种表述也适用于gym, court, square等描述地点的题型,要学会同类话题合并及举一反三。

    同理,再看TPO27 Task 1: Talk about a popular actor, musician or artist whose work you do not admire.

    这道题属于人物类话题中的名人类,可以从人物的外貌、性格、作品等角度入手。”Well, personally I’m not fascinated by a Korean music band, from their weird dressing style to flamboyant makeup, from aggressive personality to terrible works, from impolite behaviors to constant scandals, hence I have no motivation and passion to appreciate their albums. 这里用 “from…to…” 连接几个形容词+名词的结构来表达不喜欢的原因,比较工整并且容易在原有的结构上删减修改形成自己的答案,再应用于别的话题中。

    “from…to…” 列举法是一种学生比较容易理解并应用的扩充细节的方法,能够通过快速并列几种事物来展开阐述自己的原因,把脑海里破碎的单词在短时间内形成chunks,在有效的时间内完成答题。并且适用范围广,在人物、地点、物品、事件题型中均可使用,而当作第二个supporting detail即时学生在时间不够的情况下结束答题也不会有违和感。

    3托福口语如何更地道

    地道的托福口语,会融入更多的美国元素,因此在得分上也会有很大的优势。那么在平时的练习中,大家应该如何训练自己,说出地道的英语呢?

    这一阶段可以看关于地道句型介绍的口语书,此类教材特点是句型比较时尚,还有很多地道生动的超级短句,是扩展句型的好教材。还有就是提高听力。很多考生都有这样的经历:刚开始学口语时开口难于听力,开口说了一阵后,又发现听力落后于口语。原因很简单:因为“说”的都是自己掌握的词汇,而“听“别人说,词汇就不一定会在自己掌握的范围内。想要口语听力同步提高,还要加强练习。最好的办法是跟录音复述。既练听力,又练口语。它的难度比阅读后复述要难多了(注意复述之前不能看文本,否则对听力锻炼就不够)。还是沿用“难度递减法则“:即先听完全文(可反复听几遍),然后试着复述全文。

    若难度太大,则听一段,复述一段。尽量不要看文本,那样对听力提高不大。宁可降低听力材料的难度,选些简单,语速稍慢的小故事,那些只有句型的口语教材是不合适的。还有考生要养成用英语思维的习惯。听起来很抽象,很多考生往往不知从何“思“起。其实很简单:比如说,考生要去英语沙龙或口语班之前,若事先知道话题,就预先在脑子里想一下。或考生知道会在那里见到某位朋友,就想一下要跟他聊的话题。当考生从英语角或英语班回来后,就回想一下刚才你跟别人的对话,看看自己有什么地方说错了,有那些句子会有更好的表达方式。今天从别人那里又学会什么新的句型。。。 此法同样可以用于打电话. 慢慢习惯这样的思维方式后就可以在脑海中模拟与朋友的对话。

    考生们都知道学托福口语一定要多练,自信心会获得极大的提高,这种成就感会激发更大的学习热情。把学英语与自我激励结合起来,这与卡耐基的训练法则是一致的:当初卡耐基就是从他的演说班的成功获得启示,才逐步发展出后来的以社交技能为主的成功学教育。自己怎么才能克服这种畏惧心理呢? 那只有多作准备了,胸有成竹就没那么胆怯了。课前预先把当天要讨论的话题自己先练习几遍,有必要的话可以先写下来。课堂上的即席话题,可以在别人发言时先把自己观点写下来,刚开始时可能需要写全,逐步过渡到只写要点,最后不需写也可以流利地陈述。然后在心里念一下,就大胆起来发言吧。归根到底,要争取抓住机会。