英语语法中的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用来表示不同的时间与方式。下面是小编收集整理的外研社初中英语时态题,大家一起来看看吧!
外研社初中英语时态题:
Chinese Communist Partty_____in Shanghai in 1921.
found founded
changes______in my home town since liberation.
been taken place place
taken place taken place
water will be further polluted unless some measures_____.
be taken taken taken been taken
’ll be an astronaut by the time he_____thirty.
been be going to be
on his face suggested that he____that.
;hadn’t expected ;hadn’t expected
;would expect ;shouldn’t expect
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【试题解析】
1、选C。found(创建)这个词在汉语里好像没有语态,如受汉语影响,在用英语表达时用主动语态就错了。found的过去分词是founded.
2、选C。take place不能用于被动语态。类似take place的还有break out,belong to,happen,disappear,last(持续),suffer(遭受)等。
3、选B。主句中为一般将来时,unless引导条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,而“措施”应该是“被采取”,用被动语态。如果不采取措施,这水就会进一步受到污染。
4、选A。主句中用的是一般将来时,by the time引导的时间状语从句中用现在时态。表示将来。句意为:“到他三十岁时,他就会成为一句宇航员。”
5、选B。该句的含义是“他脸上惊奇的神情表明了那件事使他出乎意料”。有人以为surprise的变化形式修饰了look,look为物而误选了A。实际上surprising的含义是“(某物,某事)令人吃惊”,而该句表示的意思不是他的表情令人吃惊,而是他本身吃惊。
与现在完成时连用的标志:
since 无论是用作介词、连词还是副词,它通常都与现在完成时连用。如:
Great changes have taken place here since 1978. 自1978年以来这里发生了巨大的变化。(since为介词)
Charles has worked hard since leaving school. 自从离开学校以来查尔斯工作一直很努力。(since为介词)
You haven’t changed much since we last met. 自从上次我们见面以来,你变化不大。(since为连词)
Her reading has improved greatly since she changed schools. 自从她转校以来,她的阅读水平提高了很多。(since为连词)
He left school in 1983. I haven’t seen him since. 他1983年离开学校。打那时起我一直没见过他。(since为副词)
She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper. 她去年五月到伦敦,此后一直在报社工作。(since为副词)
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【几点说明】
1. 表示时间长度时,通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如:
It is [=has been] ten years since he left here. 他离开这儿已10年了。
How long is it since you arrived? 你到来多久了?
2. 对于某些表示状态(如seem等)的动词,或因句义等方面的原因,有时可能用一般现在时比用现在完成时更合适。如:
It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎几年未见面了。
Since when does the $42 plus $5 service charge come to $48? 从什么什候开始42元加5元的服务费等于48元了?
3. 若不是指从过去持续到现在,而是指从较远的过去持续到一个较近的过去,则用过去完成时。比较:
He hasn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 自星期二以来他一直未吃东西。(指从星期二到现在未吃东西)
Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 他昨天告诉我自星期二以来他一直未吃任何东西。(指从星期二至昨天未吃东西)
in case 后从句的时态:
■原则上说,若主句为现在时态,则从句也用现在时态;主句为过去时态,从句也用过去时态。如:
I always keep candles in the house in case there is a power cut. 我家里常备有蜡烛,以防断电。
I wrote down her address in case I forgot it. 我记下了她的住址,免得忘了。
He wasn’t going to use his car in case somebody recognized it. 他不打算用自己的汽车,因为怕有人认出他的车。
■有时从句也可用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气(不管主句为现在时态还是过去时态)。如:
I don’t let him go out in this weather in case he should catch cold. 我不让他这种天气出去以防他会感冒。
I’ve bought a chicken in case your friend should stay to lunch. 我买了一只鸡,免得你的朋友万一留下来吃午饭没菜。
■注意,当主句为将来时态时,从句谓语不能用将来时态,而要用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:
I’ll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind. 我给你留一个座位,以防你会改变主意。
一般现在时的特殊用法:
当时间、条件、方式及让步状语从句中的谓语动词表示将来的动作或状态时,习惯上要用一般现在时表示。如:
If you come, we will wait for you. 如果你来,我们就等你。
When he gets here, the work will be finished. 当他到这儿时,工作将做完了。
Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided. 尽管他不赞成我们当观点,他还是会按我们的决定去做。
另外,在make sure(弄清楚),make certain(弄清楚),take care(注意,当心),be careful(注意,当心),mind(注意),watch(注意)等后的that从句中通常也只用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:
Make sure you come back soon. 你要保证快点回来。
We must take care that no one sees us. 我们必须注意别让人看见我们。
Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings. 当心别伤了她的感情。
Watch that the baby doesn’t go near the heater. 注意别让宝宝接近加热器。
Mind you read the examination questions carefully before you begin to answer them. 在答题前要注意仔细阅读考题。
还有,在it doesn’t matter, I don’t care, I don’t mind 等结构(以及类似结构)后的名词性从句也通常用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:
It doesn’t matter where we go on holiday. 我们去哪儿度假都行。
I don’t care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢还是输。