行为动词,即实义动词,表示动作的动词。它分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。实义动词有完全的词义,并能独立做谓语动词。下面小编告诉你初中英语行为动词用法,大家一起来看看吧!
初中英语行为动词用法:
表示动作等行为,并具有一定实际意义的动词即为行为动词(或实义动词),此类动词在句子中主要做谓语,例如:
We like English very much. (划线部分单词做谓语)
Li Ping worked in that factory last year. (划线部分单词为谓语)
句中划线部分单词work, like为行为动词.并且他们根据其后面是否跟宾语又分为及物动词和不及物动词。所谓及物动词即后面跟宾语的动词,如:like为及物动词;所谓不及物动词就是后面不跟宾语的动词,如:work为不及物动词.又如:
The students usually do their homework in the evening. (划线部分do 后面有宾语homework因此为及物动词)
Wei Fang goes out at night. (划线部分单词go后面没有宾语,故为不及物动词)
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另外,行为动词在句中做谓语时要根据时间的不同作响应的变化(即用不同的动词形式,如:现在式、过去式、将来式、进行式以及完成式),其结构为:
1.现在式——动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词用第三人称单数形式即一般加s或e s以及辅音字母加y结尾的,变其为i 再加e s,如:looks, does , carries )
2.过去式——动词过去式(规则动词一般加e d和辅音字母加y结尾的,把y变为i 再加 e d ;还有,不发音的“e”结尾的动词直接加“d”;再者,以重读闭音节结尾,词末一个辅音字母,它前面一个元音字母的,双写最后一个辅音字母再加e d,如:washed, studied, liked, stopped )其余为不规则动词(见不规则动词表)
3.将来式——动词用表示将来的助动词加动词原形构成(一般为will或shall +do)
4.进行式——助动词的适当形式加动词的现在分词(be(is, am, are; was, were)+doing)
5.完成式——助动词的适当形式加动词的过去分词构成(have(have, has, had +done) 如:
Li Wei went to Shanghai yesterday evening. (went为 go 的过去式在句中作谓语,是不及物动词)
My friends and I sometimes dance in the dance hall. (dance为现在式在句中作谓语,是不及物动词)
I will write a letter to a friend of mine tomorrow morning. (will write是write的将来式在句中作谓语,是及物动词,后跟宾语a letter)
These foreign students are speaking English now. (are speaking 是speak的现在进行式在句中作谓语,是及物动词,后有宾语 English)
That math teacher has taught in No 1 Middle School for 20 years. (has taught是teach的现在完成式在句中作谓语,是不及物动词)
动词shake用于“握手”与“摇头”的用法:
1. 表示“握手”时,通常用 shake hands (with),或用 shake one’s hand。如:
He shook hands with all of us. 他和我们一一握手。
Do people in Italy shake hands when they meet? 在意大利,人们见面时握手吗?
A stranger walked up to me and shook my hand. 有个陌生人向我走来跟我握手。
有时也说shake sb by the hand。如:
He came forward and shook me warmly by the hand. 他走向前来,热情地和我握手。
有时shake用作不及物动词,也可表示“握手”。如:
We’re agreed so let’s shake on it. 咱们意见一致了,握握手吧。
2. 汉语说“摇头”“挥动拳头”等,译成相应的英语时不要受汉语习惯影响漏掉必用的物主代词。如:
他听到这事时,笑了笑,摇了摇头。
误:When he heard this, he smiled and shook head.
正:When he heard this, he smiled and shook his head.
动词Fix的用法与搭配:
注意以下表示“确定”“安排”“决定”等的有关表达:
1. 表示为做某事而确定时间或地点等,以下表达大致同义:
我们还没有确定开会的日期。
正:We haven’t fixed a date for the meeting.
正:We haven’t fixed on a date for the meeting.
正:We haven’t fixed up a date for the meeting.
正:We haven’t fixed upon a date for the meeting.
2. 表示决定做某事,以下表达大致同义:
他已决定出国留学。
正:He has fixed to study abroad.
正:He has fixed up to study abroad.
正:He has fixed on studying abroad.
3. 表示目光或注意力等集中于某事物,通常用介词on, upon引出所注意的事物。如:
He fixed his eyes on [upon] the picture on the wall. 他的眼睛盯着墙上的画。
The little boy fixed all his attention on his homework. 这个小男孩全神贯注地做作业。
4. 表示“确定”“安排”“准备”“决定”等义,其用法很广。如:
Mother is fixing lunch. 妈妈在准备午饭。
We’ll fix the price, if you wish. 你要是愿意,我们来把价格确定一下。
If you want to meet her, I can fix it. 你要是想见她,我可以安排。
They fixed on George as the leader. 他们选乔治当领导。
He fixed me up in a small hotel. 他安排我住在一家小旅馆里。
He fixed me up with this job. 他为我找(安排)了这份工作。
We haven’t fixed (up) where to stay. 我们还没决定该住什么地方。
动词suit表示的用法与搭配:
1. 用作动词,表示“适合”、“合适”,主要有两方面的意思,一是指合某人的意或使某人满意;二是指衣服、颜色等与某人相称或适合等。如:
The seven o’clock train suits will suit us very well. 七点钟的那一班火车对我们很合适。
Will it suit you if we eat now? 如果我们现在吃饭,你觉得合适吗?
The change of plan did not suit him at all. 改变计划一点不合他意。
Would it suit you to come at five? 你五点钟来行吗?
This climate does not suit me. 这种气候对我不适宜。
The new dress suits her very well. 这件新衣她穿很合适。
This color doesn’t suit her. 这种颜色她穿不合适。
2. 用于 be suited for [to],意为“适合”。如:
He is not quite suited for [to be] a teacher. 他不太适合当老师。
He is not suited to such a hard life. 他不适合过那样艰苦的生活。
This car is not well suited for [to] rough roads. 这种车不适合在崎岖的道路上行驶。
3. 注意以下同义句型:
她很适合于这一工作。
正:She is quite suited for [to] the work.
正:She is quite suited for doing the work.
正:She is quite suited to do the work.