动词的-ing形式包括了传统语法中所说的动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)。所有行为动词都有-ing形式。下面小编告诉你高中英语动词-ing的用法，大家一起来看看吧!
高中英语动词-ing的用法:
①一般式
一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。
I enjoy learning English.我喜欢学英语。
My wife hates smoking.我妻了憎恨抽烟。
I saw them playing under a big tree.看见他们正在大树下玩。(同时)
Working hard，you'll be successful.努力工作你就会成功。(稍前)
We met an accident, causing the delay.我们遇到了车祸，所以晚了。(稍后)
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②完成式
完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
She didn't remember having met him before. 她不记得从前见过他了。
Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 没有收到回信，他决定再写一封。
Having finished my work, I sat down to have a rest. 完成了工作之后，我坐下来休息。
Having been there many times, I know the city very much.我去过那儿多次，所以我很了解该市。
③完成进行式
完成进行式表示其动作在谓动词之前己经开始，一直持续到谓语动词发生时为止，且有可能仍在继续的动作。
I was satisfied for his having been looking after me day and night.他日夜照料我，我很满意。
Forgive me for my having been troubling you.原谅我打扰了你。
-ing分词用法归纳:
(1) -ing分词所表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:
He used to stand there thinking. 他过去常站在那儿思考。
They held activities celebrating their culture. 他们举行活动来庆祝他们的文化。
(2) -ing分词若在suggest, insist等动词后或作结果状语时，表示的动作常发生在谓语动词的动作之后;
He suggested us practicing English every day. 他建议我们每天练习英语。
He insists on going with us together. 他坚持要跟我们一起去。
Her mother went away alone, leaving her crying there. 她母亲一个人走了，让她一个人在那儿哭。
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(3) -ing分词若在forget, regret, remember等动词后或作时间状语时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。如:
Can you still remember living there? 你还能记得在那里的生活情况吗?
I don’t regret helping him, though he is unkind to us. 尽管她对我们不友好，我对帮助他还是不后悔。
(4) -ing分词若在介词before, after之后，动作的先后依介词before, after的意义而定。如:
I often read some newspaper before getting to sleep. 我在入睡前常要看一看报纸。
(5) -ing分词表泛指意义的动作或状态时，没有时间意义。如:
Keeping on doing morning exercises is a good habit. 坚持做早操是一种好的习惯。
(6) -ing分词的完成式表示所发生的动作在谓语动词的动作之前。如:
Not having received her answer, he decided to write to her again. 由于没有收到她的回信，他决定再给她写封信。
(7) -ing分词的主动形式，表明逻辑主语所发出的动作;-ing分词的被动形式表明逻辑主语是动作的承受者。如:
Seeing from the top of the mountain, you will find the town very beautiful. 你从山顶上看，就会发现这座城市很美。
Seen from the top of the mountain, the town looks beautiful. 从山顶上看去，这座城市看起来很美。
(8) -ing分词的否定式是在-ing分词前面加否定词not。如:
Not knowing what to do, he went to ask the teacher for help. 由于不知道该怎么做，他去请求老师的帮助。
Not having made it clear, he went to ask the teacher about it again. 由于他没有弄明白，他又去向老师询问这件事。
动词-ing形式作表语和宾补的三个要点:
考点一:考查动词-ing形式作表语的用法
【考题实例】The wife said to his husband, “Buying such a white elephant is simply _______ (waste) money.”
【考点分析】答案为wasting。在通常情况下，如果主语动词的-ing形式，则其表语通常也用-ing形式。又如:
Doing that was playing with fire. 这样做是玩火。
Talking to you is talking to the wall. 和你谈是对牛弹琴。
Denying this will be shutting one’s eyes to facts. 否认这一点就是睁眼不看事实。
【知识拓展】动词-ing形式作表语有两个明显特点:一是表示等价内容，即表示表语与主语“等价”，用以具体说明主语的具体内容，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的动名词;二是表示主语的性质或特征等，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的现在分词，但这样的-ing形式通常已转化为形容词。如:
My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照看这些孩子。(动名词looking after…作表语，表示主语my job的具体内容)
The work is difficult, but it is interesting. 这件工作虽然很难，但很有趣。(现在分词转化来的形容词interesting作表语，表示主语the work的特征)
考点二:考查动词-ing形式作宾补的用法
【考题实例】He arrived home just in time to see his brother _______ (take) away by the police.
【考点分析】答案为being taken。根据句子前半部分的He arrived home just in time to see(他到家时正好看到)可知，空格处所填动词是指一个动词正在进行或发生的瞬间，故宜用动词的-ing形式，再根据句末的 by the police(被警察)以及his brother与take之间的关系，可知此处的动词-ing形式应用被动式，句意为:他到家时正好看到他的兄弟被警察带走。又如:
He often came to watch the boats being loaded and unloaded. 他常常到这里来看轮船装货卸货。
I woke up to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly. 我醒过来，听见卧室的门慢慢地被推开。
【知识拓展】与动词-ing形式作表语类似，动词-ing形式作宾补也有两个明显特点:一是表示等价内容，即表示宾补与宾语“等价”，用以具体说明宾语的具体内容，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的动名词;二是表示宾语的性质、特征、正在进行的动作等，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的现在分词，这样的-ing形式若表示宾语的性质特点，则通常可视为形容词来理解，若表示宾语进行的动作，则不能视为形容词。如:
I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。(宾补robbing Peter to pay Paul为传统语法中的动名词，用以说明 this 的具体内容)
No one thought the film interesting. 没人认为这部电影很有趣。(宾补interesting为传统语法中的现在分词，其实已转化为形容词，它在此用以说明 film 的性质或特点)
The police observed the man entering the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。(宾补entering the bank为传统语法中的现在分词，用以说明 them man 当时正在进行的动作)
考点三:考查动词-ing形式作表语时与-ed形式的区别
【考题实例】Please stop making that noise—it’s getting ________ (annoy).
【考点分析】答案为annoying，不能填annoyed。本考点主要涉及动词-ing形式与-ed形式的用法区别。又如:
It was half seven; her mother would be annoyed because he was so late. 7点半了，他到得这么晚，她母亲一定会生气的。
It’s really annoying when a train is late and there’s no explanation. 火车误点而又不作任何解释，这很令人恼火。
【知识拓展】有的同学认为:-ed形容词只用于修饰人，-ing形容词只用于修饰事物，其实不一定。正确的理解是:-ed形容词指人的感觉，表示人感到如何;而-ing形容词则指事物给人的感觉，表示令人感到如何。比较:
The man was very much frightened. 这个人非常害怕。
The man was very much frightening. 这个人非常可怕。
Her son was very disappointed. 她的儿子非常失望。
Her son was very disappointing. 她的儿子非常令人失望。
-ed形容词除用于说明人的感觉外，有也用于修饰voice, look, expression, appearance, manner, smile等，用以表示该名词逻辑主语的感觉。如:
He gave her an astonished look. 他惊异地望了她一眼。
Mr. Knight gave a satisfied smile. 奈特先生露出满意的微笑。
His face wore a puzzled expression. 他脸上有一种困惑的表情。
She had a worried look on her face. 她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语的三类重要考点:
考点一:考查介词后接动词时所用形式
【考题实例】One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ___61___ (be) late for school. (2014课标卷II语法填空题)
【考点分析】本句答案为being。因为空格前的 about 为介词，根据英语语法的要求，当介词后面接一个动词作宾语时，这个动词通常要用-ing形式(即传统语法中的动名词形式)。又如:
I’m very nervous about taking that exam. 参加那个考试我很紧张。
She rested for two weeks after being in the hospital. 出院后，她休息了两周。
Save the document to disk before closing it. 关闭文件前把它保存到磁盘上。
He ran ten kilometres without stopping. 他一路不停跑了10公里。
【特别提醒】表示“除……之外”的介词but和except是例外，当它后面接动词作宾语时，该动词通常用不定式(不定式是否带to与其前是否有动词do有关:有do则通常不带to，没有do则通常带to)。如:
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
She had nothing to do except spend money. 她除了花钱更无所事事。
考点二:考查习惯上只接动词-ing形式作宾语的用法
【考题实例】Still, the boy kept ___67___ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. (2014课标卷II语法填空题)
【考点分析】本题答案填 riding。在英语中，当一个动词后面接另一个动词作宾语时，用作宾语的动词有时要用不定式，有时要用动词的-ing形式，而本句中的 keep 则是一个只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。
【相关归纳】习惯上只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词主要有: acknowledge, admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forbid, forgive, give up, imagine, include, involve, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, prohibit, propose, put off, recall, recollect, recommend, repent, report, resist, risk, save, stop, suggest, understand, witness等。
【温馨提示】动词keep后接动词-ing形式的用法似乎是高考命题特别青睐的一个考题，请再看2014年的一道真题(答案为holding):
Keep ___64___ (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. (2014辽宁卷语法填空题)
考点三:考查动词-ing形式与不定式的用法区别
【考题实例】I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ___66___ (stop) until we reached the next stop. (2014课标卷II)
【考点分析】本题答案填 to stop。在高考中动词-ing形式的用法总与不定式的用法有着千丝万缕的联系。正如有些动词后接另一动词作宾语习惯上要用-ing形式一样，还有一些动词则习惯上要接不定式作宾语，本题的 refuse 就是其中之一。高考阅卷的统计数据表明，做题本题的答卷中，90%以上的考生是错填了动词的-ing形式(stopping)。
【相关归纳】习惯上只接不定式作宾语的动词主要有:afford, agree, apply, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, choose, claim, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, wish等。