在英语试题中，对动词-ing形式的考查一直是命题的热点之一。下面小编告诉你英语动词ing的用法，大家一起来看看吧!
英语动词ing的用法:
考点一:考查动词-ing形式作表语的用法
【考题实例】The wife said to his husband, “Buying such a white elephant is simply _______ (waste) money.”
【考点分析】答案为wasting。在通常情况下，如果主语动词的-ing形式，则其表语通常也用-ing形式。又如:
Doing that was playing with fire. 这样做是玩火。
Talking to you is talking to the wall. 和你谈是对牛弹琴。
Denying this will be shutting one’s eyes to facts. 否认这一点就是睁眼不看事实。
【知识拓展】动词-ing形式作表语有两个明显特点:一是表示等价内容，即表示表语与主语“等价”，用以具体说明主语的具体内容，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的动名词;二是表示主语的性质或特征等，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的现在分词，但这样的-ing形式通常已转化为形容词。如:
My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照看这些孩子。(动名词looking after…作表语，表示主语my job的具体内容)
The work is difficult, but it is interesting. 这件工作虽然很难，但很有趣。(现在分词转化来的形容词interesting作表语，表示主语the work的特征)
[图片0]
考点二:考查动词-ing形式作宾补的用法
【考题实例】He arrived home just in time to see his brother _______ (take) away by the police.
【考点分析】答案为being taken。根据句子前半部分的He arrived home just in time to see(他到家时正好看到)可知，空格处所填动词是指一个动词正在进行或发生的瞬间，故宜用动词的-ing形式，再根据句末的 by the police(被警察)以及his brother与take之间的关系，可知此处的动词-ing形式应用被动式，句意为:他到家时正好看到他的兄弟被警察带走。又如:
He often came to watch the boats being loaded and unloaded. 他常常到这里来看轮船装货卸货。
I woke up to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly. 我醒过来，听见卧室的门慢慢地被推开。
【知识拓展】与动词-ing形式作表语类似，动词-ing形式作宾补也有两个明显特点:一是表示等价内容，即表示宾补与宾语“等价”，用以具体说明宾语的具体内容，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的动名词;二是表示宾语的性质、特征、正在进行的动作等，此时的动词-ing形式就是传统语法中的现在分词，这样的-ing形式若表示宾语的性质特点，则通常可视为形容词来理解，若表示宾语进行的动作，则不能视为形容词。如:
I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。(宾补robbing Peter to pay Paul为传统语法中的动名词，用以说明 this 的具体内容)
No one thought the film interesting. 没人认为这部电影很有趣。(宾补interesting为传统语法中的现在分词，其实已转化为形容词，它在此用以说明 film 的性质或特点)
The police observed the man entering the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。(宾补entering the bank为传统语法中的现在分词，用以说明 them man 当时正在进行的动作)
考点三:考查动词-ing形式作表语时与-ed形式的区别
【考题实例】Please stop making that noise—it’s getting ________ (annoy).
【考点分析】答案为annoying，不能填annoyed。本考点主要涉及动词-ing形式与-ed形式的用法区别。又如:
It was half seven; her mother would be annoyed because he was so late. 7点半了，他到得这么晚，她母亲一定会生气的。
It’s really annoying when a train is late and there’s no explanation. 火车误点而又不作任何解释，这很令人恼火。
【知识拓展】有的同学认为:-ed形容词只用于修饰人，-ing形容词只用于修饰事物，其实不一定。正确的理解是:-ed形容词指人的感觉，表示人感到如何;而-ing形容词则指事物给人的感觉，表示令人感到如何。比较:
The man was very much frightened. 这个人非常害怕。
The man was very much frightening. 这个人非常可怕。
Her son was very disappointed. 她的儿子非常失望。
Her son was very disappointing. 她的儿子非常令人失望。
-ed形容词除用于说明人的感觉外，有也用于修饰voice, look, expression, appearance, manner, smile等，用以表示该名词逻辑主语的感觉。如:
He gave her an astonished look. 他惊异地望了她一眼。
Mr. Knight gave a satisfied smile. 奈特先生露出满意的微笑。
His face wore a puzzled expression. 他脸上有一种困惑的表情。
She had a worried look on her face. 她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。
动词-ing形式作定语和状语的高频错点:
错点一:动词-ing形式作定语的常见错点
1. 混淆动词的-ing形式和-ed形式
【典型考题】While there are_______ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. (2014新课标卷I)
【考点分析】本题答案为amazing。由所填之词是用于修饰名词stories的，表示“故事”给人的感觉，故用动词的-ing形式。又如:
Her children show amazing responsibility for their ages. 她的孩子们显示出与其年龄不符的惊人的责任感。
【知识拓展】动词-ing形式和-ed形式均可用于名词前作定语，但有区别:动词的-ing形式表示事物给人的某种感觉，其意是指令人感到如何;动词的-ed形式表示人对事物感觉，其意是指人感到如何。值得说明的是，动词的-ed形式除用于说明人的感觉外，有也用于修饰voice, look, expression, appearance, manner, smile, belief, disbelief等，用以表示该名词逻辑主语的感觉。如:
She had a pleased look on her face. 她脸上有高兴的神情。
She shook her head in amazed disbelief. 她摇了摇头，感到惊愕与不信。
2. 错用不定式形式作前置定语
【典型考题】Uncertainty about the _______ (come) Presidential election depressed the stock market.
【考点分析】本题答案为coming。虽然此处是表示“即将到来的总统竞选”，但不能用不定式形式，因为不定式不能用作前置定语。本句意思是:对即将到来的总统竞选难以预料使得股市不景气。又如:
We have high hopes for the coming year. 我们对即将到来的一年寄以厚望。
Everyone rightly feared the coming war. 人人都担心战争即将爆发，这是理所当然的。
【知识拓展】虽然不定式通常可以表示即将要发生的动作，但主要限于作后置定语、状语等成分，而绝不能置于名词前作定语。比较:
I hope in coming years he will reflect on his decision. 我希望未来的几年里他会反省自己的决定。
I hope in years to come he will reflect on his decision. 我希望未来的几年里他会反省自己的决定。
[图片1]
错点二:动词-ing形式作状语的常见错点
1. 错用动词-ing形式作目的状语
【典型考题】_______ (keep) themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 为了不至于睡着，他们坐在地板上轮流着讲故事。
【考点分析】本题答案为 To keep。当动词用作非谓语形式作目的状语时，通常要用不定式，而不用动词的-ing形式。又如:
To hide my fright I asked a question. 为了掩饰自己的恐惧，我问了个问题。
To avoid confusion, label each box clearly. 为了避免混乱，给每一个盒子贴上清楚的标签。
【知识拓展】在通常情况下，用非谓语动词表目的时，要用不定式，但有一个例外，就是当动词go后接climbing, cycling, exploring, dancing, fishing, hiking, hunting, rambling, riding, roller-skating, sailing, shooting, skating, skiing, surfing, swimming, walking, water-skiing等动词的-ing形式时，也属于表目的的用法，比较go fishing中的fishing可视为go的目的。如:
We might go camping this summer. 今年夏天我们可能去野营。
He likes to go climbing at weekends. 他喜欢在周末做登山运动。
They liked to go dancing every Saturday night. 他们喜欢每周六晚上去跳舞。
2. 混淆用作结果状语的-ing形式与不定式
【典型考题】After driving all night we got to Amy’s place, only _______ (discover) that she was away. 开了一整夜车到达埃米的住处，却发现她不在。
【考点分析】答案为to discover。“only+动词-ing形式”和“only+动词不定式”都可以用来表示结果。但有区别:后接现在分词往往表示一种自然的合乎逻辑的结果，而后接不定式往往表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果。比较:
He went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling rather cold. 他出去时衣穿得很少，渐渐地感到有些冷了。
I arrived at the shop only to find I’d left all my money at home. 我到商店却发现钱全放在家里。
中考英语-ing分词考点归纳:
一、“及物动词+ doing”结构归纳
1. began doing sth 开始做某事。如:
He began doing this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。
He began teaching English at the age of 25. 他25岁开始教英语。
2. do doing 做某事。如:
Does he do (the, any) cooking? 他做饭吗?
I did much washing yesterday. 我昨天洗了很多衣服。
3. enjoy doing sth 喜爱(喜欢)做某事。如:
He enjoys listening to music. 他喜欢听音乐。
She enjoys helping her parents with the housework. 她喜欢帮她母亲做家务。
4. finish doing sth 做完(完成)某事。如:
Have you finished reading the book? 这本书你读完了吗?
There was a deadly silence after she finished speaking. 她说完话后是一片沉默。
5. forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事。如:
I forgot telling her the news. 我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。
I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我永远不会忘记她唱那首歌的情景。
6. go doing sth 做户外运动(体育和业余娱乐)。如:
We often go swimming together. 我们经常一起去游泳。
Let’s go boating this afternoon. 我们今天下午去划船吧。
7. keep doing sth 一直在做某事。如:
They kept talking about it. 他们一直在谈论此事。
My shoe laces keep coming undone. 我的鞋带老是松开。
8. like [love] doing sth 喜欢做某事。如:
I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。
He likes travelling alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。
9. mind doing sth 介意做某事。如:
I don’t mind being poor. 我对贫困不在乎。
We don’t mind waiting. 我们不介意等候。
10. practise doing sth 练习做某事。如:
The boy practise playing the piano every day. 这男孩每天练习弹钢琴。
They are practising singing the new song. 他们正在练习唱新歌。
11. prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事，更喜欢做某事。如:
I prefer walking alone. 我喜欢一个人溜达。
He prefers swimming to riding as a sport. 作为一项运动项目，他更喜欢游泳而不是骑马。
12. regret doing sth 后悔(遗憾)做了某事。如:
She never regretted doing this. 她从没后悔这样做过。
I regret not coming earlier. 我后悔没有来早点。
13. remember doing sth 记住做过某事。如:
I remember seeing her somewhere. 我记得在哪里见过她。
Remember paying him. 记住已经付给他钱了。
14. stop doing sth 停止做某事。如:
He is trying to stop smoking. 他在设法戒烟。
Hearing her husband come in she stopped crying. 听见她丈夫进了来，她就不哭了。
15. try doing sth 做某事试试看(有何效果)。如:
Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。
Try phoning his home number. 给他家里打个电话试试。
二、常考重要句式归纳
1. How (What) about doing sth 询问消息或征求意见。如:
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样?
How about going out for a walk? 出去走走如何?
2. spend…(in) doing sth 花费(时间或金钱)做某事。如:
Don’t spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself. 别花那么多时间来打扮(自己)。
He spent quite a lot of time doing that. 他花了不少时间做那事。
3. feel like doing sth 感觉想要做某事。如:
I don’t feel like going to the movies. 我不想去看电影。
I don’t feel like cooking. Let’s eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。
4. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。如:
Her parents tried to stop her from seeing him. 她父母不让她见他。
If I can stop them from going there, I’ll do it. 要是我能够阻止他们去那里，我会这样做的。
5. look forward to doing sth 期待(希望)做某事。如:
We’re looking forward to hearing from you. 我们盼望收到你的来信。
I’m looking forward to seeing him again. 我盼望能再见到他。
6. be afraid of doing sth 担心会发生某事或某情况。如:
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤害她的感情。
7. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事。例如:
She is good at telling stories. 她擅长讲故事。
He’s good at drawing. 他擅长画图。
8. have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难。如:
We have much difficulty in understanding what he says. 我们要理解他说的话有不少困难。
I had the greatest difficulty in persuading him. 为了说服他，我费了好大的力气。
9. be fond of doing sth 喜欢做某事。如:
He is very fond of playing the piano. 他很喜欢弹钢琴。
She is fond of going to the cinema. 她喜欢看电影。
10. thank sb for doing sth 因某事感谢某人。如:
Thank you for telling me. 谢谢你告诉我。
I must write and thank her for sending me the check. 我一定写信感谢她给我寄来了支票。
11. be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事。例如:
She was busy writing letters. (当时)她正忙着写信。
He’s busy getting ready for the journey. 他正忙于上路。
12. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事。例如:
She is used to getting up early. 她习惯于早起。
He is used to looking after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。
动词ing作补语可以位于使役动词make后吗:
(1)make 后面不接现在分词作宾语补足语，直接不带to不定式作宾语补足语，但是被动需要加to
【结构为:主语+make sb/sth do sth】
Her jokes made us all laugh. 她说的笑话把我们都逗乐了
They tried to make every cent do the work of two. 他们设法把一分钱当两分钱用。
We must make him work harder. 我们必须使他更加努力工作。
The boss made Tom work long hours. 老板逼着汤姆长时间地干活。
His appearance made me laugh. 他的样子使我发笑。
His cheerful joke made us forget our weariness. 他讲的令人愉快的笑话使我们忘记了疲劳。
What makes the grass grow? 青草是靠什么生长的?
But this did not make them waver or retreat. 但这并没有使他们动摇或退缩。
I can't make the TV work. 这台电视机我修不好。
The sight of the dead man made his hair stand on end. 他见到死人吓得毛骨悚然
【结构为:主语+be made to do sth】
The children must be made to clean their own room. 必须叫孩子们打扫自己的房间。
He was made to wait for over an hour. 别人叫他等了一个多小时。
We were made to work all night. 我们被迫干了一整夜。
(2)用于动词+宾语+现在分词作宾语主要用下面几个使役动词
【1】have +sb/sth doing sth 使某人一直处于做某事的状态
We can't have you going everywhere by taxi. 我们不能让你坐出租汽车到处跑。
I can't have you playing truant. 我不允许你逃学。
We have him trying an experiment. 我们让他试做一个实验。
We'll soon have you walking about again. 不久我们就能让你起来活动了。
By the time he came back, she had had a good fire going and had taken the stove into the room. 等他回来的时候,她已经把火炉生好,端到屋里来了。
Bronwen tried to have her no use. 布朗温想让她说话,但没有成功。
She'll have you doing all the housework if you're not careful. 如果你不仔细的话,她就要你干所有的家务。
He soon had them all laughing. 他很快让大家发笑了。
I won't have you smoking at the young age. 我不许你这样(小小)的年纪就抽烟。
Now,George,I will not have you shouting at me that way. 那么,乔治,我不许你对我那样喊叫。
We can't have that sort of thing happening. 我们不允许那种事发生。
We shall soon have the mists rising. 我们很快就会看到雾升起来。
I woke up in the night and found we had water dripping through the ceiling. 我夜里醒来,发现天花板在滴水
【2】leave sb/sth doing sth使某人一直处于做某事的状态
He left me waiting outside in the rain. 他让我站在雨里等候。
Why did you leave the guests standing there? 你为什么让客人站在那儿?
They walked off and left me sitting there all by myself. 他们走了,让我孤零零一个人坐在那里。
She always leaves the light burning all night long. 她常常让灯整夜地亮着。
Our roaring guns left the enemy trembling with fear. 我们的隆隆炮声使敌人胆战心惊。