have，是助词aux.，用以构成完成式及完成式的不定式，表示已经…。当为vt.时，指的是有，具有;拿，取得;从事;必须，不得不。下面小编告诉你初中英语动词have的用法，大家一起来看看吧!
初中英语动词have的用法:
1. 表示状态(如表示拥有、患病等)或表示“必须”(即用于 have to)时，在用法上应注意以下几点:
(1) 不用于进行时态或被动语态。如:
误:We are having a piano. / A bad cold is had by him.
(2) 在否定句或疑问句中，可以不用助动词do(在非正式文体中可在have之后加got)(主要见于英国英语中)，也可用助动词do(主要见于美国英语中)。如:
He hasn’t (got) a computer.=He doesn’t have a computer. 他没有电脑。
在非正式的美国英语中，有时也用 have got 的形式，且有时还可将 have 省去。如:
I (‘ve) got a problem. 我有个问题。
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(3) 即使在英国英语中，若指经常性的现象，也通常用助动词 do 来构成疑问式和否定式。且不与got搭配;若指暂时现象，则不用助动词do来构成疑问式和否定式，且可以与got连用(注:在美国英语中则无此区别，一般都用do构成疑问式和否定式)。如:
Have you (got) a cold now? 你感冒了吗?
Do you often have colds? 你感冒了吗?
I haven’t got to work tomorrow. 我明天不必上班。
I don’t usually have to work on Sundays. 星期天我通常不必上班。
(4) 表示“拥有”时，构成否定式有两种可能:若其后的名词没有限定词修饰，则通常用 have no;若有限定词(如a, any, much, many, enough等)修饰。则通常用 have not。如:
I have no friends. / I haven’t any friends. 我没有朋友。
He hasn’t much money. 他没有很多钱。
2. 表示动作，如表示“吃(=eat)”“喝(=drink)”“拿(=take)”“收到(=receive)”“度过(=spend)”等时，在用法应注意以下几点:
(1) 可用于进行时态，但一般不用于被动语态。如:
误:Lunch is had by him.
正:He is having lunch. 他在吃中饭。
(2) 不与 got 连用。如:
误:I’d like to have got a look at it.
正:I’d like to have a look at it. 我想看看它。
(3) 一般不用缩略式。如:
误:We’d a good time at the party.
正:We had a good time at the party. 我们在晚会上玩得很高兴。
(4) 构成否定式和疑问式时，必须用助动词 do。如:
误:When had you breakfast?
正:When did you have breakfast? 你什么时候吃早餐?
助动词have的用法:
助动词have以及它的变体has, had等的主要用法如下:
1. have +过去分词，构成完成时态。如:
He has left for Japan. 他已去了日本。
We’ve just done the washing-up. 我们刚洗完碗碟。
Poor Jim has just had an accident. 可怜的吉姆刚出了个事故。
I have had this car for three years. 这辆汽车我已用了3年了。
By the end of last month, they had finished the work. 上月未他们就已经完成了工作。
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2. have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时。如:
I have been studying English for 8 years. 我学英语已达八年了。
The children have been having a lot of run. 孩子们一直玩得很开心。
We had been doing business with each other for years before we quarreled. 在吵翻之前，我们多年来在业务上一直来往。
By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. 到明年这时候，我们的业务住来就满20年了。
I woke up—I had been having a bad dream. 我醒了，我做了个噩梦。
3. have+been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态。如:
English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。
I have been made redundant, so I’m going abroad. 我被定成了超编人员，所以我打算出国。
Thousands of pounds have been spent on the new hospital. 这家新医院花费了数千英镑。
None of my friends have been invited to the party. 我的朋友中没有一个被邀参加晚会。
All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 为了转变他的想法，所有的办法都用过了。
have to表示推测的用法:
对于have to的用法，综合几本英语词典，可归纳出以下用法:
1. 表示被迫做某事
指因客观原因而被迫做某事。如:
The police had to employ force to break up the crowd. 警察不得不用武力驱散人群。
We’ll have to chance meeting an enemy patrol. 我们不得不冒着可能遇上敌人巡逻兵的危险。
He’s getting so fat that his trousers have to be let out round the waist. 他越来越胖，裤腰都得放宽了。
We have had to postpone the meeting, due to the Chairwoman’s illness. 由于女主席生病了，我们不得不推迟开会。
2. 表示重要性和必要性
指做某事很重要或很有必要。如:
Poems have to be translated quite freely. 诗歌只能根据意思来灵活翻译。
The railway lines have to be constantly maintained. 铁路必须经常得到保养。
Obviously, I’ll have to think about your offer carefully. 当然，我得仔细考虑一下你的报价。
3. 表示推测
用于表示肯定推测，与must用法相似。如:
This has to be a mistake. 这肯定是弄错了。
There has to be a solution. 一定会有解决的办法。
This has to be part of the original manuscript. 这一定是原稿的一部分。
4. 表示劝告或建议
表示劝告或建议某人做某事，相当于suggest sb’s doing sth。如:
We shall have to mind what we say. 我们说话得要注意。
You'll have to come and meet my wife some time. 你不妨什么来我家见见我太太。
That’s the point, mate. You have to ring her right now if you really want to see her. 对啦，哥儿们，就是这个意思，你要是真的想见她，那你就马上给她打电话。
5. 表示指点和要求
指告诉某人如何做某事，侧重指介绍做某事的方法和步骤。如:
To make a cake, you have to mix flour and milk together. 做蛋糕前必须把面粉和牛奶混合在一起。
6. 表示厌烦和讨厌
指令人厌烦或讨厌的事经常发生。如:
We always have to push him to do his homework. 我们得老是催他做家庭作业。
Of course it had to happen on today, when all the shops are shut. 偏偏是今天，所有的商店都关门了。
7. 表示性
表示只有某人或某物才会让某人满意。如:
For Francesca it has to be the Ritz—nowhere else will do. 对弗朗西斯来说，一定要住里兹酒店——其他地方都不行。
“have+宾语+动词”结构归纳:
“have+宾语+动词”这结构中的动词可以有多种形式，且表示的含义也各不相同，现分述于下:
1. have+宾语+不定式(作定语)
该结构中的不定式用作定语修饰其前的名词。如:
(1) 表示“有……要……”。如:
I have a few letters to write. 我有几封信要写。
We have a lot of work to do. 我们有许多工作要做。
(2) 表示“有……的……”。如:
Birds have the instinct to learn to fly. 鸟有飞的本能。
She didn’t have the courage to refuse. 她没有勇气拒绝(即没有拒绝的勇气)。
2. have+宾语+动词原形(作宾语补足语)
(1) 表示叫(使、让)某人做某事，其中的 have 是使役动词。如:
He had his son clean the car. 他叫他的儿子擦车。
I’ll have Hudson show you to your room. 我让哈德逊带你去看你的房间。
(2) 用于否定式，表示“不能让”或“从未有人”，通常与 won’t 连用。如:
I won’t have you tell me what to do. 我不能让你对我做的事指手划脚。
3. have+宾语+现在分词(作宾语补足语)
(1) 表示使(让)某人或某物一直不停地做某事。如:
I have the car waiting. 我让汽车等着。
He had us laughing all through the meal. 他弄得我们整个吃饭时间都欢笑不止。
(2) 表示客观上有某情况在进行或持续。如:
We have people standing on our steps all day. 我们的台阶上整天站着人。
I looked up and found we had water dripping through the ceiling. 我抬头一看，发现有水渗过天花板滴下来。
(3) 表示使(让)某人开始做起某事来。如:
He soon had them all laughing. 他很快逗得大家都笑了。
I have them all talking to each other. 我使得他们全都相互交谈起来。
(4) 表示将要发生的事。如:
I have guests coming. 我有客人要来。(现在分词用作宾语补语)
It’s lovely to have children playing in the garden again. 孩子们又来到园子里玩耍，这很有意思。
(5) 表示说服或命令某人做某事。如:
He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her. 他叫我为她做各种事情。
(6) 表示经过一段时间达到的效果。如:
He had me swimming in a week. 他一个星期就教会我游泳了。
I’ll have you speaking English in six months. 我要你6个月内就开口讲英语。
(7) 表示容忍或允许某人做某事，主要用于否定式，常与 won’t, can’t 连用。如:
I won’t have you telling me what to do. 我用不着你来对我指手画脚。
She won’t have the boys arriving late. 她不允许这些男孩子迟到。
(8) 表示遭遇令have的主语不愉快的事。如:
If film-stars put their numbers in telephone books they’ d have everyone ring them up. 电影明星们如果把他们的电话号码列入电话簿，就会招致所有的人给他们打电话。
If you don’t put a fence round your garden you’ll have people walking in and stealing your fruit. 如果你不把你的果园用篱笆围起来，人们会走进来偷摘果子。